Rotary pump or the like



March 12, 1929. GARDES 1,704,938

ROTARY PUMP OR THE LIKE Filed Nov. 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet l I AVVENTOR. flfred M 'dl'des BY .ATTORNEY.

PatentbdiiMar. '12, 1929.

PA ENT oi-"rlce.

ALFRED WIL'IZ GARDES, .OF DAYTON, OHIO ROTARY PUMP on m LIKE.

Application filed November 3, 1927. Serial no. 230,889.

This invention relates to rotary pumps andother rotary mechanisms of. a similar kind.

One object of .the invention is to provide a'rotary pump which will have a very high 5 degree of efficiency and which will be sim- "ple inits construction and operation.

-' A further object of the invention is to provide such a pump in which the sealing surfaces of the pump member will be subjected to little or no wear, thus preventing decreased efiicienc-y in the operation of the pump after long use. 7

A further -object of the invention is to provide a rotary pump of such a construction that it can be quickly and easily manufac tured and assembled.

Other objects of the invention will appear as the device is described in detail. 0

In the accompanying drawings Fig. 1 1s a front 'elevation of a pump embodyingmy.

invention, partly broken away; Fig. 2 1s a front-elevation of such a pump with the front plate of the casing removed to show the pumping members in elevation; Fig. 3 is :a vertical sectional view taken on the line 3-3 of Fig.1; Fig. 4 is a detail View of the piston. and its operating shaft; and Figs.

5, 6 and 7, are. detail views showing suc cessive positions of the 'piston and abut ment.

In these-drawings I have illustrated one embodiment of my inventionbut it "will be understood that the-mechanism may take various forms without departing from the spirit of the invention and that the apparatus may be used as a pump or compressor for fluid or by a proper arrangement of the pipe connections may be used as a-suc-- tionpump. v

In that particular embodiment here illustrated the pump comprises a two-part casing having an intermediate member or wall 10 provided with a rearwardly extending flange or'lateral wall 11 to the rear edge of 5 which is secured aback wall 12, thus form-y mg a rear chamber in which .is arranged driving gearing as will hereinafter appear. A front wall 13 isspaced from the.

intermediate wall 10 bya spacing member or side wall 14, the front wall and spacing member being secured to the intermediate wall 'by bolts .15. It will be noted that the contact surfaces of the several parts of the casing are flat so that'theymay be easily will produce a perfect seal when secured one to-the other. Rotatably mounted in the lower portion of the casing is a drive shaft 16 which is here shown as mounted in bearings 17 and 18 in the intermediate and rear walls of the casing, the front end of which extends into the forward compartment formed between the intermediate wall and the front wall 13. The rear wall is pro vided with a stuffing box 19 through which the shaft extends. Rotatably mounted in the upper part of the casingis a shaft20 which is parallel with a shaft 16 and'is here shown as ]ournaled in bearings 21 and 22 in the intermediate and rear walls of the casing and as extending into the forward ,compartment. A'cap or screw plug'23v engages the rear end of the shaft toseal the end of the bearing. The lower and upper parts of the casing arev curved about the axes of the shafts that the walls of the chambers, if extended, would intersect, thus causing the chambers formed in the upper and lower partsof the front compartment of the easing to merge into and have communicationwith each other. Loosely mounted about the shaft 20 in the upper portion of the forward compartment is a member 24 which is substantially cylindrical in shape but has in its lower portion a curved recess 25. This cylindrical member is'held against rotation with the shaft, preferably by means of a pin 26 extending through the front wall 13 of the casing and into the cylindrical member. The diameter of the cylindrical member is,

considerably less than the diameter of the upper part of the forward compartment, thus forming between the cylindrical mem her and the wall of the .compartment an elongated work chamber which is in the form of a partial annulus and the ends of which open into the lower part of the forward The side walls of'the -workcompartment.

chamber being flat it will be apparent that the work chamber is rectangular in cross section. Mounted within th work chamber is a piston 27 which is connected with the shaft 20 for rotation therewith. The piston may be connected with the shaft in any suit-- able manner and, in the present instance, I'have rigidly secured to the shaft .20 a disk 55 ground to provide contact surfaces which 28 which is seated inarecess 29 in'the invtermediate wall of the casing and which of a diameter somewhat greater than the diameter of the cylindrical member 24:. The piston is rigidly secured to the outer portion of this disk by means of pins 'or rivets 30.

The piston has fiat lateral surfaces to conform to the sides of the work chamber, and has its inner and outer surfaces curved to conform to the curvatures of the inner and outer walls of the chamber, as formed by the cylindrical member 24 and the spacing member 14. The piston rotates through the work chamber in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 2 and its forward face is curved inwardly and rearwardly from the forward outer edge thereof, as shown at 31, so

that the forward end of the piston tapers forwardly to its outer surface. Mounted inf the lower chamber of the casin which is 0 c I I cylindrical in shape, is a segmental abutment 32, the peripheral surface of which is preferably of a length somewhat greater than a semi-pircle. This peripheral wall fits snugly within the cylindrical chamberand, when the abutment is in one position, willextend into the upper portion of the compartment and have sealing contact with the cylindrical member 24 Because of the curved recess in the lower side of the cylindrical member the sealing contact will be a relatively long one and -will efiectually prevent the passage of fluid. The abutment is cut away or recessed on one side, as shown at 33, to permit the piston to pass through the u or portion of the cylindrical chamber. he abutment during a portion of it's rotation will extend across the two ends of the work chamber, thus closing that chamber both in the rear of and in advance of the, piston 27. The work chamber is pro with an inlet, preferably near the rear end thereof, as shown at 34, and is provided with an outlet close to the forward end thereof, as shown at 35. The outlet may, if desired, be provided with a check valve 36. The piston and the abutment are rotated in timed relation one to the other, that is, at

eeds which are fixed with relation one to t e other, this being accomplished in the present instance by the use of intermeshing ,gears 37 and 38, secured respectively to the shaftslfi and 20 and arranged -in the rearv compartment of the casing.- In the present arrangement-the shaft 16 constitutes a drive shaft and may be'driven from any suitable source of power, as by direct connection with an electric motor. 'The abutment rotates in a direction opposite tothat in which the piston rotates and is so arranged with relatio'nto the piston that during the time that the piston is moving from the inlet to the outlet of the 'work chamber the abutment will be in such a position-as to close both endslof the work chamber. Thus the fluid mosses abutment are so shaped and arranged that as the piston'approaches the forward end of the work chamber and the rear end of the abutment is about to move across'the forward end of the work chamber the piston and abutment will be brought into sealing contact one with the other. here shown, the rear end of the piston has a transverse contact surface 39 which is so shaped and arranged that it will be brought into contact with the curved front face 31 of the piston, thus producing'a sealed joint between the two parts and as these parts continue their rotation the end of the abutment will move over the curved face of the piston to a positionin which it will almost entirely eliminate the space between these parts, thus causing substantially all of the fluid which is confined between the piston and the abutment to be forced through the outlet 35, which is so arranged that it will communicate with the space between the piston and the abutment at all times during the compressioh movement of the piston. As the pistonand abutment continue their movements the piston will enter the recess 33; i

and timing of the piston and abutment it is desirable that the abutment have a radius somewhat greater than the radius of the piston, and l have found that satisfactory resuits are had when these radii have a ratio of substantially 3 to 3.75.

The arrangement and manner of mounting the pist0n and the abutment are such that the surfaces of these parts have verylight contact one with the other and with the fixed parts. of the casing so that they are subjected toyery little wear and will maintain 'the proper sealing contact practically indefinitely. The relation of the abutment to the front face of the piston is such as to discharge substantially all of the fluid from the work chamber, thereby securing a very high efficiency andproducing a relatively high compression when the pump is used as a compressor. lhe pump is capable of operation at a very high speed and a'relatively small pump will handle large quantities of fluid. v llhe construction of the several parts of the pump are of such a character that they can be-veryquickly and easily manufactured. The several parts of the casing can be cast and the flat faces thereof ground, by a very simple operation, to provide the proper contact surfaces. The several working parts can be mounted on the intermedi ate wall 110 of the casing and the front and rear walls then applied thereto, thereby providing for a very of the mechanism;

\Vlnle I have shown and described one quick and easy assembly embodiment of my invention I wish it to becylindrical chamber at-one side of and com municating with said work chamber, said work chamber having an inlet and an outlet, an abutment rotatably mounted in said cylin- 'dri -al chamber and having a continuous peripheral surface so arranged that during a portion of its rotation it will close both ends of said work chamber, asingle piston mounted for movement through said work chamber and through the adjacent portion of said cylindrical chamber, said abutment being recessed to provide clearance for said piston, and means for actuatingsaid piston and said abutment. at speeds which are fixed with relation one to the other.

2. In a mechanism of the character described, a casing having a work chamber in the form of a partial annulus and having a cylindrical chamber at one side of and communicating with said work chamber, said work chamber having an inlet'and an outlet, an abutment rotatably mounted in said cylindrical chamber and so arranged that during a portion of its rotation it will close-both ends of said work chamber, a piston mounted for movement through said work chamber and through the adjacent portion of said cylindrical chamber, said abutment being recessed to provide clea-r'ance'fonsaid piston, said piston and said abutment having parts arranged to be brought into sealing contact when said piston enters said cylindrical chamber, and means'for actuating said piston and said abutment at speeds which are lived with relation one to the other.

and through the adjacent portion of said.

cylindrical chamber, said abutment being recessed to provide clearance for said piston, said piston having curved front face and said abutment having a part arranged tobe brought into sealing contact with said curved face as said piston enters said cylindrical chamberand t6 travel over said curved face as said members continue their movement, said outlet having communication with the space between raid piston and said abutment, and means for actuating said piston and said abutment at speeds which are fixed with relation one tothe other.

4. In a mechanism of the character described, a cz sing having a work chamber, a piston mounted in said work chamber for rotation about a fixed axis and having a curved front face, an abutment rotatably mounted in said casing, so arranged that during aportion of its movement it will extend across said work chamber in advance of said piston and having a part arranged to be brought into sealing contact with the curved face of said piston as the latter approaches the forward end of said Work chamber and to be moved to such a position with relation to said piston as to substantially eliminate space between said piston and said abutment,- said work chamber having an outlet leading from the space between said front face of said piston and said abutment, and means for rotating said piston and said abutment in timed relation one to the other.

In amechanism of the character described, a casing having a work chamber, a piston mounted in said work chamber for rotation-about a .fixed axis and-having a curved front face, an abutment rotatably mounted in said casing on an axis parallel with the axis of said piston and having a part curved about its axis and arranged to extend across said work chamber in advance .ofsaid piston and also having a recess to perm1t said piston to pass the same, the. rear end of said curved part having a rela- -members continue their movement, said work chamber having an outlet leading from the space between the front face of said piston and said abutment, and means for rotating said piston and said abutment in timed relatio one to the other.

' 6. In a men anism of the characterde scribed, a casing, parallel shafts mounted in said casing and spaced one from the other, the end'port'ions of said casing being curved about the respective shafts on radiiof. difshaft in the larger portion of said casing and 1-having'its periphery arranged to have sealing contact with said cylindrical member in the smaller portion ,of said casing and to closeboth ends o-f'said work chamber, the rear end of said abutment and the front face of said piston being arranged "tohave sealing contact one with the other'as the rear end of said abutment moves across the front end of said work chamber, said work chamber having an inletnear the rear end thereof and an outlet near the front end thereof, and means for rotating said piston chamber, a piston mounted in said work chamber, connected with the shaft therein and having its front face curved m'wardly and 'rearwardly from the outer surface thereof, a segmental abutment secured tothe shaft in the larger, portion of said casing'and having its periphery arranged to have sealing contact with the cylindrical member in the smaller portion of said casing ,and to close both ends ofsaid work chamber, said abutment having a curved portion at the rear end thereof arranged to have sealing contact with the curved face of said piston as the rear end of said abutment moves across the front end of said work chamber, said-work chamber having an inlet near the rear end'thereof and an outlet near the frontend thereof, andmeans for rotating said piston and said abutment at speeds fixed with relation one to the other.

said casing and spaced one from the other, the end portions of saidv casingbeing curved about the respective shafts on radii of different lengths, a substantially cylindrical member mounted about the axis. of the smaller portion of said casing and spaced,

from the wall thereof to form an elongated v, work chamber, a disk rigidly secured to the rhaft in the smaller portion of said casing and of a diameter greater than the diameter of said cylindrical membcr,,the rear wall of 'said casing bcing'recessed .to receive said disk, a piston mounted in'said work chainber and rlgidly secured tosaid disk, a segmental abutment' securedto theshaft in theof said work chamber, the rear end of saidabutment and the front face of said piston being arranged to have sealing contact one with the other as the rear end of said abutment moves across the front end of said work chamber, said work chamberhaving an' inlet near the rear end thereof, and an outlet near the front end thereof,-and means for rotating said piston and said abutment at speeds fixed with relation one to the ferent lengths, a substantially cylindrical member mounted about the axis of the smaller portion of said casing and spaced from the wall thereof to form an elongated work chamber, a piston mounted in said work chamber and connected with the shaft therein, a segmental abutment secured to the and having its periphery arranged to have scaling contact with sa1d cylindrical member 1n the smaller portion of said casing and to close both ends of said work chamber,

said cylindrical member having a curved recess toprovide a relatively large contact surface for said abutment, the rear end of said abutment and the front face of said piston being arranged to have sealing con tact one with the other-as the rear end of said abutment moves across the front end of said work chamber, said work chamber having an inlet nearthe rear end thereof and an outlet near the front end thereof, and means for rotating said piston and said abi1t ment at speeds fixed with relation one to the other.

10. In a' mechanism of the character d eshaft in the larger portion of said casing scribed, a casing, parallel shafts mounted in i 7 said casing and spaced one from the other, 8. Ina mechanism of the character de-' scribed, a casing, parallel shafts mounted in the end portions of said casing being curved about ther espective shafts on radii of different lengths, a substantially cylindrical member mounted about the axis of the smaller por'tion'of said casing and spaced from the wall thereof to form an elongated work chamber, the lateral walls of said work chamber being fiat and the inner and outer -Walls thereof being curve about the axis of said shaft, a piston shape to fit within said wor; chamber and connected with said shaft, a segmental abutment secured to said shaft in the larger portion ofsaid casing and having its periphery arranged to have sealing contact with said cylindrical member in the smaller portion of said casing and to close both ends 'ofsaid work chamber, the rear end of said abutment and the front face of said piston being -'arranged to have sealing contact one with the other as the rear end of said abutment moves across the front end of said work chamber, saidfwork chamber having an inlet near the rear end thereof and an outlet near the front end thereof, and means for rotating said piston and said abutment at speeds fixed with relation one to the other,

11. In a mechanism of the character described,a casing comprising an intermediate wall having a laterally extending flange, a

rear wall secured to the edge of said flange,

a spacing member secured to that side of said inter-mediatewall opposite said flange and a front wall secured to said spacingmember, parallel shafts journaled in said casing, gears connecting said shafts one with the other, a part mounted in the space between said intermediate wall and said front wall aboutthe axis of one of said shafts, held against rotation with said shaft and spaced from said spacing member to form a work chamber, a piston mounted in said work chamber and connected with said shaft, an abutmentalso mounted in the space between said intermediate wall and said front wall having a peripheral portion arrangedto close the ends of said work chamher and having a recess to permit said piston to pass the same, said abutment and said piston having cooperating parts arranged to be brought into sealing contact as said piston approaches thefront end of said work chamber, said Work chamber having-an inlet near the rear end thereof, and an outlet near the front end thereof.

12. In a mechanism of the character descrlbed, a casing compnsmgan 'lnterm'edi ate vwall having'a laterally extending flange, a rear wall secured to the edge of said flange, a spacing member secured to that side of said intermediate wall opposite said flange and a front wall secured to-said spacing member, the several parts of said cas- I ing having flat surfaces to form tight joints between the same when said parts are se cured one to the other, parallel shafts ]O1II- naled in said casing, gears connectlng said shafts one with the other, a part mounted piston to pass the same; said abutment and,

said piston having cooperating parts arranged to be brought into sealing contact as said piston approaches the front end of said work chamber, said work chamber having an inlet near the rear end thereof, and an outletnear the front end thereof.

13. In a mechanism of the character described, a casing having a work chamber and a cylindrical chamber at one side of and communicating with said work chamber, said work chamber having an inlet and an outlet, a single pistonmounted in said work chamber fol-rotation about an axis arranged centrally thereof, an abutment rotatably mounted in saidcylindrical chamber and so arranged that during a portion of its move- \ment it will close said work-chamber in advance of said piston, said abutment being recessed to provide clearance for said piston, and means for rotating said piston and said abutment.

14%. In a mechanism of the character-described, a casing having a work chamber and a cylindrical chamber at one side of and communicating with said work chamber, said work chamber having an inlet-and an outlet, a single piston mounted in said .work chamber for rotation about an axis arranged centrally thereof, an abutment rotata'bly mounted in said cylindrical chamber and so arranged that during a portion of its movement it will close said work chamber in advance of said piston, said abutment. being recessed to provide clearance for said piston, and having at its rear end a part arranged to have a sealing contact with the face of said piston as said end of said abutment moves across the front end of the work chamber, and means for rotating said piston and said abutment. V

15. In a mechanism of the character described, a casing having a work chamber in the form of a partial annulus and having a cylindrical chamber at one side of and communicating with said work chamber, said work chamber having an inlet and an outlet, a single piston mounted for movement through said work chamber and acting on the entire body of fluid contained in said Work chamber in advance of said piston, an abutment rotatably mounted in said cylindrical chamber and arranged to close the front end ofsaid work chamber during the movement of said piston through said work chamber and having a recess to permit said piston to pass from the front end of said work chamber to the rear end thereof, said abutment having at its rear end a part ari ranged to have sealing contact with the face of said piston as said rear end of said abut: ment moves across the front end. of said work chamber, and means for rotating said piston in said abutment.

.In testimony whereof, I aflix my signa ture hereto.

' ALFRED W GARDES. 

